Both single- and multi-compartmented Golgi outposts are present in the Drosophila dendritic network. GOs (green) are widespread in the dendritic network including the distal dendrites, and are particularly enriched at branching points. In these neurons, the somatic Golgi apparatus (blue) appears as mini-stacks or “ring”-like stacks. (A) In Drosophila cell models, most neurons examined are from the peripheral nervous system. Zebrafish neurons are not included as the Golgi structures are not well defined. The organization of Golgi structures in (A) Drosophila, (B) rodent, and (C) human neurons are illustrated. Golgi morphology Golgi outposts Golgi stacks membrane trafficking neuronal dendrites.Ĭopyright © 2020 Wang, Fourriere and Gleeson.Ĭomparison of somatic and dendritic Golgi structures in different neuronal models. In addition, we identify the gaps in the current knowledge and the potential advances using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in defining local membrane protein trafficking in human neurons and in understanding the molecular basis of neurological diseases. Here, we review the evidence for local secretory trafficking pathways in dendrites in a variety of cell-based neuronal systems and discuss both the similarities and differences in the organization and role of the local secretory organelles, especially the GOs. A variety of different model organisms, including Drosophila, zebrafish, and rodents, have been used to probe the organization and function of the local neuronal secretory network. With the identification of secretory organelles in dendrites, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi outposts (GOs), recent studies have proposed local protein synthesis and trafficking distinct from the conventional anterograde transport pathways of the cell body. Given the physical distance from the cell body to the distal sites of the axon and dendrites, transport of newly synthesized membrane proteins from the central cell body to their functional destination at remote, distal sites represents a conundrum. Intracellular membrane trafficking is paramount to establish and maintain neuronal structure perturbation in trafficking results in defects in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders. A fundamental characteristic of neurons is the relationship between the architecture of the polarized neuron and synaptic transmission between neurons.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |